12月7日点评《When the FBI spent decades hunting for a Soviet spy on its staff》
12月7日点评《When the FBI spent decades hunting for a Soviet spy on its staff》
1. 人名的姓名缩写可省略,如:
John J. O’Flaherty: 约翰·欧弗拉赫提
R. Patrick Watson: 帕特里克·沃森
2. 专有名词遵循常规译法,在文中提示缩写的全称,如:
FBI: 美国联邦调查局(以下简称FBI)
KGB: 苏联国家安全委员会(以下简称克格勃)
GRU: 格鲁乌,即苏联军事情报总局
3. 必要文化背景的翻译介绍,如:
Dick 和 Richard:(注:迪克是理查德的昵称)
4. 疑难句
word got around as they delved into counterintelligence agents’ backgrounds, the cases they handled and their possible vulnerabilities to recruitment by the KGB.
原译文:他们深入调查反间谍情报局时消息传开了,他们处理案件,苏联国家安全委员会(KGB)聘请他们时可能存在漏洞。
审校后:但局里的消息不胫而走,说他们在深入调查反情报特工的背景及其所处理的案件,说后者有可能是克格勃的卧底。
(they指代什么?)
=====
定语从句的翻译
两种定语从句:限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句。
四种翻译方法:前置法、后置法、融合法、转换法。
一、限定性定语从句:所修饰的词代表一个、一些或一类特定的人、事物、时间、地点、原因等。
由关系代词that、which、who、who、whose、what和关系副词when、where、why、how来引导。
~ A man who doesn't try to learn from others cannot hope to achieve much.
一个不想别人学习的人是不可能指望有多少成就的。(前置法)
~ A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who insists that women have outgrown the jumping-on-the-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era, and a colonel who says that they haven't.
一位年轻女士和一位上校展开了热烈的争论。女士坚持妇女再看见老鼠就吓得跳上椅子,那种时代早已过去了;上校则坚持认为没有过去。(后置法)
~ Is there anything that I can do for you
有什么事要我做吗?(融合法)
二、非限定性定语从句:只对先行词作一些附加性的补充说明,不起限制作用。即使省略掉,主句的意思仍然很清楚,不会受到大的影响。
常用which、who、where来引导。
~ You've given Feldstyn, who dislikes me anyhow, the chance he was waiting for.
费兹丁反正讨厌我,你给他机会正是他求之不得的。(前置法)
~ Kinssinger and his small group of aids toured the Forbidden City, where the Chinese emperors had once lived in lofty splendor.
基辛格和他的一小组随从参观了故宫,从前的中国皇帝曾在这故宫过着奢华生活。(后置法)
~ One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had been seen, which obscured my objective.
有一次暴风骤雨,其猛烈的程度实为我生平所仅见。这阵暴雨遮住了我的目标。(后置法,译成独立句)
三、非限制性定语从句的转换译法
有些定语从句从形式上看是定语,但在深层意义上却具有状语职能的从句,用以说明原因、时间、目的、条件、让步、假设或结果等关系。翻译时应从逻辑关系上予以分析,译成相应的状语从句。
~ The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from.
大使只宴请了几个人,因为他特别想和这些人谈谈,听听他们的意见。(原因)
~ A girl who was learning to ride a bicycle lost balance and fell down.
一个女孩在学骑自行车的时候失去平衡,摔到了。(时间)
~ We need to establish some institution which helps to develop the production.
我们需要建立一种机构来帮助发展生产。(目的)
~ Nothing is hard in the world for one who dares to scale the height.
世上无难事,只要肯登攀。(条件)
~ A gas occupied all of any container in which it is placed.
不管装在什么容器里,气体都会把容器充满。(让步)
~ He would be a short-sighted commander who merely manned his fortress and did not look beyond.
指挥员如果只守城堡而不往远处看,那他就是一个目光短浅的指挥员。(假设)
~ Matter has certain features or properties that enable us to recognize it easily.
物质具有一定的特征,所以我们能够容易识别各种物资。(结果)
=====
李敖译浩斯曼(A.E.Housman)的小诗
You Smile Upon Your Friend Today
死别
You smile upon your friend today,today his ills are over;
久病得君笑,沉疴似欲除;
You hearken to the lover's say,and happy is the lover,
万语逢重诉,余欢若云浮。
It's late to hearken,late to smile,but better late than never:
意转何迟暮,慰情聊胜无:
I shall have lived a little while before I die for ever.
生灵未忍去, 柩马立踯蹰。
John J. O’Flaherty: 约翰·欧弗拉赫提
R. Patrick Watson: 帕特里克·沃森
2. 专有名词遵循常规译法,在文中提示缩写的全称,如:
FBI: 美国联邦调查局(以下简称FBI)
KGB: 苏联国家安全委员会(以下简称克格勃)
GRU: 格鲁乌,即苏联军事情报总局
3. 必要文化背景的翻译介绍,如:
Dick 和 Richard:(注:迪克是理查德的昵称)
4. 疑难句
word got around as they delved into counterintelligence agents’ backgrounds, the cases they handled and their possible vulnerabilities to recruitment by the KGB.
原译文:他们深入调查反间谍情报局时消息传开了,他们处理案件,苏联国家安全委员会(KGB)聘请他们时可能存在漏洞。
审校后:但局里的消息不胫而走,说他们在深入调查反情报特工的背景及其所处理的案件,说后者有可能是克格勃的卧底。
(they指代什么?)
=====
定语从句的翻译
两种定语从句:限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句。
四种翻译方法:前置法、后置法、融合法、转换法。
一、限定性定语从句:所修饰的词代表一个、一些或一类特定的人、事物、时间、地点、原因等。
由关系代词that、which、who、who、whose、what和关系副词when、where、why、how来引导。
~ A man who doesn't try to learn from others cannot hope to achieve much.
一个不想别人学习的人是不可能指望有多少成就的。(前置法)
~ A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who insists that women have outgrown the jumping-on-the-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era, and a colonel who says that they haven't.
一位年轻女士和一位上校展开了热烈的争论。女士坚持妇女再看见老鼠就吓得跳上椅子,那种时代早已过去了;上校则坚持认为没有过去。(后置法)
~ Is there anything that I can do for you
有什么事要我做吗?(融合法)
二、非限定性定语从句:只对先行词作一些附加性的补充说明,不起限制作用。即使省略掉,主句的意思仍然很清楚,不会受到大的影响。
常用which、who、where来引导。
~ You've given Feldstyn, who dislikes me anyhow, the chance he was waiting for.
费兹丁反正讨厌我,你给他机会正是他求之不得的。(前置法)
~ Kinssinger and his small group of aids toured the Forbidden City, where the Chinese emperors had once lived in lofty splendor.
基辛格和他的一小组随从参观了故宫,从前的中国皇帝曾在这故宫过着奢华生活。(后置法)
~ One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had been seen, which obscured my objective.
有一次暴风骤雨,其猛烈的程度实为我生平所仅见。这阵暴雨遮住了我的目标。(后置法,译成独立句)
三、非限制性定语从句的转换译法
有些定语从句从形式上看是定语,但在深层意义上却具有状语职能的从句,用以说明原因、时间、目的、条件、让步、假设或结果等关系。翻译时应从逻辑关系上予以分析,译成相应的状语从句。
~ The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from.
大使只宴请了几个人,因为他特别想和这些人谈谈,听听他们的意见。(原因)
~ A girl who was learning to ride a bicycle lost balance and fell down.
一个女孩在学骑自行车的时候失去平衡,摔到了。(时间)
~ We need to establish some institution which helps to develop the production.
我们需要建立一种机构来帮助发展生产。(目的)
~ Nothing is hard in the world for one who dares to scale the height.
世上无难事,只要肯登攀。(条件)
~ A gas occupied all of any container in which it is placed.
不管装在什么容器里,气体都会把容器充满。(让步)
~ He would be a short-sighted commander who merely manned his fortress and did not look beyond.
指挥员如果只守城堡而不往远处看,那他就是一个目光短浅的指挥员。(假设)
~ Matter has certain features or properties that enable us to recognize it easily.
物质具有一定的特征,所以我们能够容易识别各种物资。(结果)
=====
李敖译浩斯曼(A.E.Housman)的小诗
You Smile Upon Your Friend Today
死别
You smile upon your friend today,today his ills are over;
久病得君笑,沉疴似欲除;
You hearken to the lover's say,and happy is the lover,
万语逢重诉,余欢若云浮。
It's late to hearken,late to smile,but better late than never:
意转何迟暮,慰情聊胜无:
I shall have lived a little while before I die for ever.
生灵未忍去, 柩马立踯蹰。
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