趣 学 论 坛
Would you like to react to this message? Create an account in a few clicks or log in to continue.

限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句

向下

限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句 Empty 限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句

帖子 由 Admin 周五 十一月 08, 2013 6:21 pm

定语从句的翻译

两种定语从句:限定性定语从句、非限定性定语从句。
四种翻译方法:前置法、后置法、融合法、转换法。

一、限定性定语从句:所修饰的词代表一个、一些或一类特定的人、事物、时间、地点、原因等。
由关系代词that、which、who、who、whose、what和关系副词when、where、why、how来引导。

~ A man who doesn't try to learn from others cannot hope to achieve much.
一个不想别人学习的人是不可能指望有多少成就的。(前置法)

~ A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who insists that women have outgrown the jumping-on-the-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era, and a colonel who says that they haven't.
一位年轻女士和一位上校展开了热烈的争论。女士坚持妇女再看见老鼠就吓得跳上椅子,那种时代早已过去了;上校则坚持认为没有过去。(后置法)

~ Is there anything that I can do for you?
有什么事要我做吗?(融合法)

二、非限定性定语从句:只对先行词作一些附加性的补充说明,不起限制作用。即使省略掉,主句的意思仍然很清楚,不会受到大的影响。
常用which、who、where来引导。


~ You've given Feldstyn, who dislikes me anyhow, the chance he was waiting for.
费兹丁反正讨厌我,你给他机会正是他求之不得的。(前置法)

~ Kinssinger and his small group of aids toured the Forbidden City, where the Chinese emperors had once lived in lofty splendor.
基辛格和他的一小组随从参观了故宫,从前的中国皇帝曾在这故宫过着奢华生活。(后置法)

~ One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had been seen, which obscured my objective.
有一次暴风骤雨,其猛烈的程度实为我生平所仅见。这阵暴雨遮住了我的目标。(后置法,译成独立句)

三、非限制性定语从句的转换译法
有些定语从句从形式上看是定语,但在深层意义上却具有状语职能的从句,用以说明原因、时间、目的、条件、让步、假设或结果等关系。翻译时应从逻辑关系上予以分析,译成相应的状语从句。


~ The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from.
大使只宴请了几个人,因为他特别想和这些人谈谈,听听他们的意见。(原因)

~ A girl who was learning to ride a bicycle lost balance and fell down.
一个女孩在学骑自行车的时候失去平衡,摔到了。(时间)

~ We need to establish some institution which helps to develop the production.
我们需要建立一种机构来帮助发展生产。(目的)

~ Nothing is hard in the world for one who dares to scale the height.
世上无难事,只要肯登攀。(条件)

~ A gas occupied all of any container in which it is placed.
不管装在什么容器里,气体都会把容器充满。(让步)

~ He would be a short-sighted commander who merely manned his fortress and did not look beyond.
指挥员如果只守城堡而不往远处看,那他就是一个,目光短浅的(指挥员)。(假设)

~ Matter has certain features or properties that enable us to recognize it easily.
物质具有一定的特征,所以我们能够容易识别各种物资。(结果)


Admin
Admin
Admin

帖子数 : 391
注册日期 : 13-08-06

http://mylingo.5d7d.net

返回页首 向下

返回页首


 
您在这个论坛的权限:
不能在这个论坛回复主题